Select translations of 14th FYP draft -Third/Final Part
Download the three-part series in one file
This newsletter has been publishing select translations of the draft 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035. You are welcome to read Part I and Part II, which include lengthy disclaimers that also apply to this third and final part.
All three parts have now been aggregated in a PDF file via Google Drive, in a DOCX file via Google Drive, and directly in a Google document file that can be shared, downloaded, and worked upon.
The full Chinese-language draft is below - for other documents, check the Twitter thread


Please again note this is a PERSONAL translation - the omitted parts are NOT unimportant; the parts appearing are NOT MORE important than the omitted parts - this newsletter simply doesn’t have the resources to mount a full translation.
A deeper-level use of the document would be comparing it to the 13th FYP and map out the consistencies and differences, and trying to figure out the rationale and message behind them, something beyond this newsletter now as well.
Jiang Jiang, Your Pekingnologist’s friend and colleague, graciously agreed to undertake selection and translation in Part III. So JJ will have the full byline, in addition to an MBA degree from UVA’s Darden and a real-name Twitter account. Some notes are written by JJ, some are by your Pekingnologist.
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第四十二章 积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设
Chapter 42: Actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system
高举和平、发展、合作、共赢旗帜,坚持独立自主的和平外交政策,推动构建新型国际关系,推动全球治理体系朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。
Hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation, and win-win strategy, adhere to the independent and peaceful foreign policy, promote the building of a new type of international relations, and promote the global governance system to become more just and reasonable.
第一节 维护和完善多边经济治理机制
维护多边贸易体制,积极参与世界贸易组织改革,坚决维护发展中成员地位。推动二十国集团等发挥国际经济合作功能,建设性参与亚太经合组织、金砖国家等机制经济治理合作,提出更多中国倡议、中国方案。推动主要多边金融机构深化治理改革,支持亚洲基础设施投资银行和新开发银行更好发挥作用,提高参与国际金融治理能力。推动国际宏观经济政策沟通协调,搭建国际合作平台,共同维护全球产业链供应链稳定畅通、全球金融市场稳定,合力促进世界经济增长。推动新兴领域经济治理规则制定。
Section I Maintain and improve multilateral economic governance mechanisms
Uphold the multilateral trading system, actively participate in the reform of the World Trade Organization, and resolutely safeguard the status of a developing member. Promote the G20 to perform international economic cooperation functions, constructively participate in economic governance cooperation in APEC, BRICS, and other economic governance and cooperation mechanisms, and put forward more Chinese initiatives and solutions. Promote the deepening of governance reforms in major multilateral financial institutions, support the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the New Development Bank to play a better role, and improve the ability to participate in international financial governance. Promote communication and coordination of international macroeconomic policy, build international cooperation platforms, jointly maintain the smooth flow of global industrial supply chains and the stability of global financial markets, and make joint efforts to promote world economic growth. Promote the development of rules for economic governance in emerging sectors.
第二节 构建高标准自由贸易区网络
实施自由贸易区提升战略,构建面向全球的高标准自由贸易区网络。优化自由贸易区布局,推动区域全面经济伙伴关系协定实施,加快中日韩自由贸易协定谈判进程,稳步推进亚太自贸区建设。提升自由贸易区建设水平,积极考虑加入全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定,推动商签更多高标准自由贸易协定和区域贸易协定。
Section II: Building a high-standard network of free trade zones
Implement the free trade zone upgrading strategy and build a high-standard global network of free trade zones. Optimize the layout of free trade zones, promote the implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), accelerate the negotiation process of the China-Japan-ROK Free Trade Agreement, and steadily promote the construction of the Asia-Pacific Free Trade Area. Upgrade the level of construction of free trade zones, actively consider joining the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), and promote the negotiation of more high-standard free trade agreements and regional trade agreements.
Note: China “actively considering joining the CPTPP” is no longer news anymore, and no wonder it’s in the top-level development plan.
第三节 积极营造良好外部环境
积极发展全球伙伴关系,推进大国协调和合作,深化同周边国家关系,加强同发展中国家团结合作。坚持多边主义和共商共建共享原则,维护以联合国为核心的国际体系和以国际法为基础的国际秩序,共同应对全球性挑战。积极参与重大传染病防控国际合作,推动构建人类卫生健康共同体。深化对外援助体制机制改革,优化对外援助布局,向发展中国家特别是最不发达国家提供力所能及的帮助,加强医疗卫生、科技教育、绿色发展、减贫、人力资源开发、紧急人道主义等领域对外合作和援助。积极落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程。
Section III Actively create a favorable external environment
Actively develop global partnerships, promote coordination and cooperation among major countries, deepen relations with neighboring countries, and strengthen solidarity and cooperation with developing countries. Adhere to the principles of multilateralism and extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, uphold the international system with the United Nations at its core and the international order based on international law, and jointly address global challenges. Actively participate in international cooperation in the prevention and control of major infectious diseases and promote the building a community of shared health for mankind. Deepen the reform of the overseas aid system and mechanism, optimize the layout of overseas aid, provide assistance to developing countries, especially the least developed countries, within China’s capabilities, and strengthen overseas cooperation and assistance in the fields of health care, science and technology, education, green development, poverty reduction, human resources development, and emergency humanitarian assistance. Actively implement the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Note: Today’s news comes to mind.

高中阶段教育毛入学率提高到92%以上。规范校外培训。完善普惠性学前教育和特殊教育、专门教育保障机制,学前教育毛入园率提高到90%以上。提高民族地区教育质量和水平,加大国家通用语言文字推广力度。
Raise the gross enrollment rate of high school education to over 92%. Regulate after-school training. Improve the mechanism for guaranteeing inclusive preschool education, special education, and specialized education, and increase the gross preschool education enrollment rate to more than 90%. Improve the quality and level of education in ethnic areas, and increase the promotion of the common national language.
Note: Latest news in the city of Beijing already showing a crackdown on after-school training.
高等教育毛入学率提高到 60%……加快培养理工农医类专业紧缺人才……稳步扩大专业学位研究生规模……推进中西部地区高等教育振兴
Increase the gross enrollment rate of higher education to 60% ...... Accelerate the cultivation of badly-needed talents in science, engineering, agriculture, and medicine ...... Steadily expand the scale of professional degree graduate students ...... Promote the revitalization of higher education in the central and western regions
支持高水平综合大学开展教师教育,健全师范生公费教育制度,推进教育类研究生和公费师范生免试认定教师资格改革。
Support high-level comprehensive universities to carry out teacher education, improve the publicly-funded education system for students for professional teaching, and promote the reform of exempting teaching qualification examination for graduate students majoring in education and publicly-funded students trained for teaching.
坚持教育公益性原则,加大教育经费投入,普惠性幼儿园以人口集中流入地、农村地区和“三区三州”为重点,新建、改扩建2万所幼儿园,增加普惠学位400万个以上。
Adhere to the principle of public welfare in education, increase investment in education, focus on inclusive kindergartens in areas with concentrated population influx, rural areas, and the "three regions and three prefectures", build and expand 20,000 kindergartens, and increase the number of inclusive enrollment seats by more than 4 million.
Note: The “三区三州” "three regions and three prefectures" include the Tibet Autonomous Region, southern parts of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province, which are regarded as the hardest nuts to crack in China’s poverty reduction campaign.
坚持基本医疗卫生事业公益属性,以提高医疗质量和效率为导向,以公立医疗机构为主体、非公立医疗机构为补充,扩大医疗服务资源供给。
Ensure the characteristics of public welfare in the basic medical and health care services, improve the quality and efficiency of medical care, and expand the supply of medical service resources with public medical institutions as the mainstay and non-public medical institutions as the supplement.
Note: One recent piece of news comes to mind. On March 6, President Xi Jinping said the following when he visited members from the medical and educational sectors of the CPPCC at its recently concluded annual session
这次抗击新冠肺炎疫情,公立医院承担了最紧急、最危险、最艰苦的医疗救治工作,发挥了主力军作用。要加大公立医疗卫生机构建设力度……
In the fight against the coronavirus epidemic, public hospitals have taken on the most urgent, dangerous, and arduous medical treatment work, playing the role of the main force. We will increase the building of public medical and health institutions ......
加快临床急需和罕见病治疗药品、医疗器械审评审批,促进临床急需境外已上市新药和医疗器械尽快在境内上市。
Accelerate the review and approval of drugs and medical devices for urgent clinical needs and for the treatment of rare diseases, and promote the approval of new drugs and medical devices for urgent clinical needs which have been approved in the overseas market as soon as possible.
Note: Business opportunities for pharmaceutical and medical equipment manufacturers.
提升医护人员培养质量与规模,扩大儿科、全科等短缺医师规模,每千人口拥有注册护士数提高到3.8人。实施医师区域注册,推动医师多机构执业。
Improve the quality and scale of medical and nursing personnel training, expand the scale of physicians in department which are in shortage of talents, such as pediatrics and general practice, and increase the number of registered nurses per 1,000 population to 3.8. Implement regional registration of physicians and promote multi-agency practice.
(Note: There is also an entire paragraph promoting Chinese Traditional Medicine.)
保障学校体育课和课外锻炼时间,以青少年为重点开展国民体质监测和干预。坚持文化教育和专业训练并重,加强竞技体育后备人才培养,提升重点项目竞技水平,巩固传统项目优势,探索中国特色足球篮球排球发展路径,持续推进冰雪运动发展,发展具有世界影响力的职业体育赛事。扩大体育消费,发展健身休闲、户外运动等体育产业。办好北京冬奥会、冬残奥会及杭州亚运会等。
Ensure time for physical education and extracurricular exercise in schools, and carry out national physical fitness monitoring and intervention with a focus on youth. Put equal emphasis on cultural education and professional sports training, strengthen the development of reserve talents for competitive sports, improve the competitiveness of key sports, consolidate the country’s traditional advantages, explore the development path of soccer, basketball, and volleyball with Chinese characteristics, continue to promote the development of ice and snow sports, and develop professional sports events with world influence. Expand sports consumption, develop fitness and leisure, outdoor sports, and other sports industries. Organize the Beijing Winter Olympic Games, the Winter Paralympic Games and the Hangzhou Asian Games, etc.
推动实现适度生育水平
Promote efforts to realize appropriate fertility levels
增强生育政策包容性,推动生育政策与经济社会政策配套衔接,减轻家庭生育、养育、教育负担,释放生育政策潜力。完善幼儿养育、青少年发展、老人赡养、病残照料等政策和产假制度,探索实施父母育儿假。改善优生优育全程服务,加强孕前孕产期健康服务,提高出生人口质量。建立健全计划生育特殊困难家庭全方位帮扶保障制度。改革完善人口统计和监测体系,密切监测生育形势。深化人口发展战略研究,健全人口与发展综合决策机制。
Enhance the inclusiveness of the fertility policy, promote the integration of the fertility policy with economic and social policies, reduce the families’ burden of childbirth, child-raising, and education, and tap the potential of the fertility policy. Improve policies on child rearing, youth development, elderly support, and care for the sick and disabled, as well as the maternity leave system, and explore the implementation of parental leave. Improve the whole process of prenatal and ostnatal care services, strengthen progestation and maternity health services, and improve the quality of the newborn population. Establish and improve a comprehensive support and protection system for families with special difficulties in family planning. Reform and improve the population statistics and monitoring system, and closely monitor the fertility situation. Deepen research on population development strategies and improve the comprehensive decision-making mechanism on population and development.
Note: Falling birth rates and changing demography are increasingly recognized as a big problem.
第四十八章 优化收入分配结构
坚持居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步、劳动报酬提高和劳动生产率提高基本同步,持续提高低收入群体收入,扩大中等收入群体,更加积极有为地促进共同富裕。
Chapter 48 Optimize income distribution structure
Ensure that the growth of residents' income and economic growth are basically in the same pace, ensure that the increase of labor remuneration and the increase of labor productivity are basically in the same pace, ensure the continuous increase of the income of low-income groups, the expansion of middle-income groups, and the more active action to promote common prosperity.
Note: “Common prosperity” has been lifted to a new high since the Fifth Plenary Session of the Central Committee. Xi said to senior cadres on Jan. 11
实现共同富裕不仅是经济问题,而且是关系党的执政基础的重大政治问题。
Achieving common prosperity is not only an economic issue but also a major political issue related to the Party's governing foundation.
For more on this, see The "Spirit" of the 5th Plenum 五中全会精神, my Feb. 25 Pekingnology newsletter.
创新更多适应家庭财富管理需求的金融产品
Innovate more financial products that meet the needs of family wealth management
Note: Private banking and wealth management professionals take notice.
第一节 促进男女平等和妇女全面发展
深入实施妇女发展纲要,持续改善妇女发展环境,促进妇女平等依法行使权利、参与经济社会发展、共享发展成果。
Section 1 Promote gender equality and the overall development of women
Ensure a deep implementation of the Women's Development Program, continue to improve the environment for women's development, and promote women's equal exercise of rights in accordance with the law, participation in economic and social development, and sharing the fruits of development.
Note: Gender issues have become one of the hottest buttons on Chinese social media these days. Putting plans like this into concrete actions will hopefully bring down the gender barriers seen by many as traditional, practical, institutional, and structural.
第三节加强家庭建设
充分发挥家庭家教家风在基层社会治理中的作用。
Section 3 Strengthens family building
Give full play to the role of the family, family education, family style in grass-roots social governance.
Note: Family values - in the Chinese context - have been elevated to very high levels in recent years. Some background reading via China Daily and Xinhua in English.
第十五篇 统筹发展和安全 建设更高水平的平安中国
坚持总体国家安全观,实施国家安全战略,维护和塑造国家安全,统筹传统安全和非传统安全,把安全发展贯穿国家发展各领域和全过程,防范和化解影响我国现代化进程的各种风险,筑牢国家安全屏障。
Part XV Integrate development and security to build a higher level of peaceful and safe China
Embrace the holistic national security concept, implement the national security strategy, maintain and shape national security, coordinate traditional and non-traditional security, integrate security development in all areas and the whole process of national development, prevent and resolve various risks affecting the modernization process of China, and build a firm national security shield.
Note: There is an entire chapter (Chapter 15) about SECURITY in the plan. Late coming subscribers are invited to read Politburo group-studies national security: what Xi says on "holistic" NatSec could mean in the Dec. 13 Pekingnology newsletter.
第三节 实施金融安全战略
完善跨境资本流动管理框架,加强监管合作,提高开放条件下风险防控和应对能力。加强人民币跨境支付系统建设,推进金融业信息化核心技术安全可控,维护金融基础设施安全。
Section III Implement Financial Security Strategy
Improve the management framework for cross-border capital flows, strengthen regulatory cooperation, and improve capabilities of risk prevention, control and response under open conditions. Strengthen the construction of RMB cross-border payment systems, promote the security and control of core technologies of financial industry information technology, and maintain the security of financial infrastructure.
加快国防和军队现代化 实现富国和强军相统一
……全面加强练兵备战,提高捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益的战略能力,确保 2027年实现建军百年奋斗目标。
Accelerate the modernization of national defense and military to achieve the unity of a rich country and a strong army
…comprehensively strengthen military training and preparation, and improve the strategic ability to defend national sovereignty, security, and development interests. Ensure the PLA' centenary goal is achieved by 2027.
Note: Regarding the PLA's centenary goal for 2027, there is a more detailed explanation (in Chinese) from the spokesperson with the Ministry of Defense in late November. That Q&A didn’t exactly say what is exactly the goal for 2027, but four aspects 对“确保二〇二七年实现建军百年奋斗目标”的极端重要性 of the extreme importance of "ensuring the PLA' centenary goal is achieved by 2027” are somewhat helpful.
This newsletter is already too long so just the four aspects in the Q&A in extreme brevity
要求加快机械化信息化智能化融合发展。
要求加快军事理论现代化、军队组织形态现代化、军事人员现代化、武器装备现代化。
要求坚持质量第一、效益优先。
要求促进国防实力和经济实力同步提升。
accelerating the integrated development of mechanization, informatization, and intelligentization.
accelerating the modernization of military doctrine, the modernization of military organization form, the modernization of military personnel, and the modernization of weapons and equipment.
adherence to quality first and priority of efficiency.
promoting the simultaneous improvement of national defense strength and economic strength.
Latecoming subscribers are invited to read the Dec. 8 Pekingnology newsletter, highlighting Once-in-a-generation change in PLA guidelines: intelligentization added, mechanization declared "basically accomplished."
第六十一章 保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定
Chapter 61 To maintain the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao
第二节 支持港澳更好融入国家发展大局
加强内地与港澳各领域交流合作,完善便利港澳居民在内地发展和生活居住的政策措施,加强宪法和基本法教育、国情教育,增强港澳同胞国家意识和爱国精神。
Section II Support Hong Kong and Macao to better integrate into the overall development of the country
Strengthen exchanges and cooperation between the Mainland, Hong Kong and Macao in various fields, improve policies and measures to facilitate the development and living of Hong Kong and Macao residents in the Mainland, strengthen education on the Constitution and the Basic Law, education on national conditions, and enhance the national awareness and patriotism of compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao.
Note: One of the biggest news out of the ongoing Two Sessions is the changes made to the law(s) on Hong Kong, based on the principle of "patriots administering Hong Kong." If you follow the news closely, “enhance the national awareness and patriotism of compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao” is not exactly new in recent years, after Beijing apparently identified it as a fundamental cure to HK’s ills.
第六十二章 推进两岸关系和平发展和祖国统一
坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”,以两岸同胞福祉为依归,推动两岸关系和平发展、融合发展,高度警惕和坚决遏制“台独”分裂活动。
Chapter 62 Promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and the national reunification
Stick to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus and act based on the well-being of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, integration and development, retain a high degree of vigilance to and resolutely deter separatist activities seeking "Taiwan independence."
Note: It speaks for itself.
支持福建探索海峡两岸融合发展新路,加快两岸融合发展示范区建设。
Support Fujian to explore new ways of cross-strait integration and development, and accelerate the construction of cross-strait demonstration areas of integration and development.
Note: Fujian is on the other side of the Taiwan Strait facing Taiwan. For many years, Fujian’s GDP lagged behind Taiwan’s despite being much larger in land size (nearly 3 times) and boasting more population (40 million v. 23 million). In 2019, Fujian says its GDP surpassed Taiwan.